δ / η Ÿ ߴ
2016-02-11 20:55:06























ȸ ְ ƴ, ް ߡ

ڽ Ű  . ũϴ

[ͺ] < δ!>

ֱ < δ> 쳽 Ѽб ȸ йڻ (Ph.D) ް, 簡 ùϴ д츮ȸ 米ڷ ߴ. '׾DZȸ' 'ȸ' ϰ ϴ Ͽ 弭 ִ. ũϴ(www.cbooknews.com) ͺ.



簡 ϰ ִ. ũϴ

-, ̷ ˰ Ǿ ݰϴ. ̷ Ұ ֽ.

" õп ־ ߽ϴ. ôȸ 鼭, ȸ Ǵ й ϰ ; Դϴ.

׷ õ ȸ ִ, θ ġ 쿬 д츮ȸ 翪ڷ  ư, װ ó θ ð ƽϴ. 3Ⱓ 1⿡ 2õ Ѵ ڰ θ 鼭, ô뿡 ´ ο ַϰ ƽϴ.


ϰ ȸ 翪 ϸ鼭 ƴƴ д ǵ 5 ߰, 4-5 ȸ ſȸ 10 Ⱓ 5 ֱ׷ ϰ ƽϴ. 2007 ù å Ⱓ , å 翪, ȸҸ ̳ ȸ Ӹ 翪 ϰ ֽϴ."

-Ͻô '׾DZȸ' ڼ Ұ ֽ.

"'׾DZȸ'(Church In HIm)' 2012 4 ϰ ù 踦 帮 ߽ϴ. ô ޲ٴ ð 귯 ϰ ־µ, 1  ȸ翡 ʰ ϴ.

ʸ ϸ鼭 ް ư, װ Ⱑ ȸ԰ ӿ Ǹ ȸ ǹ ȿ ȸ ô߽ϴ. ׷ٰ ߽ ȸ ƴϰ, ܺ е ϴ.

û㵿 ȸ ִ , ο ʽϴ. ô ϳԲ û ʽڵ ּż 90% û ֽϴ. ׷ ˻ؼ ã е κ̰, û ã Դϴ."

- ȸ ֳ.

" ȸö ž οϰ å ϴ Դϴ. ѱȸ ȸ ü ϴ ʹ 縦 䱸ϰ ð ѾҴٰ մϴ. ׷ 츮 ϱ⺸ ġ Ŵ ó .

ȸ Ư ⵵ ƽϴ. Ͽ踦 帮, ߿ ⵵ϰ ϴ. ⸦ , ߺ⵵, Դϴ. 踦 ġ Բ ̰ Ļ ϴ.

ȸ ູϰ ſ ϸ, Բ ִ ð 帮 ͽϴ. ϴ , ȸ 䱸ϴ ¸϶ Դϴ.

ȸ ϴ. ó ȸ ôϸ鼭, ȸó ֺ Ǿ ϳ ϴ, ' ' ʰڴٰ ߽ϴ. ִٸ, ׶׶ 渶 ε ֽô ϳ տ ϴ Դϴ. ȸ̵ ̵ ׷ ϸ ư Դϴ."

- Ǹ ǥ 8 DZ⵵ ϼ̴µ, ֱ < δ!> Ұ Ź帳ϴ.


"2004 ŵ ȸ ־ϴ. ׶ ݵ ϴ. Ͽ踦 ģ 30 ٸ 1ð ̾ϴ.

׶ . ʰ ִٴ , ׸ ̷ ƴ϶ ִٴ ְ ʹٰ. ׷ 翪 ϰ ư, װ ǥ ݱ 翪ϰ ֽϴ. ׷ ̳ õ å 8°Դϴ.

̹ å ȸ ڼ ٲ Ѵٴ ֽϴ. 米ڳ ڿ ѵǴ å, Է ȯž Ѵٴ Դϴ.

ŭ Ѿ ϴ ͵ , Բ ԰ ð ε ϴ ټԴϴ. Ǽ ΰϰ ϰ ǰ ־, Ͼ ִٴ .

׷ 鿡 ؾ ϰ ؾ ϴ ֵ å ҽϴ. δ ߸Ǿ ִ ҵԴϴ. ̷ ִ, 츮 ˾ ξ 翪 ִ ȸ åԴϴ."

-å õ ϴ. ȸ 忡 ڵ ϱ ־ô ȸ е鲲 ֽŴٸ.

" ϴ ' ȸ ǰ ϴ' ϴ. ׷  鿡 å Դϴ. ȸ 忡 ȸڵ ذ ϴ.

帮ڸ, (ȸ) ƴ ׵ ̷ , ʿ並 ä ̶ Դϴ. ȸ ְ ƴ϶ ׵ ް ǥ ־ Ѵٴ ٲ մϴ. ׷ Ǹ ̽ ̴ϴ.

, ݵ ȭؾ Ѵٴ Դϴ. ô밡 ٲ, 翬 鵵 ٲϴ. ׷ ̳ ǥ, ý ٲ ʾҽϴ. , ٲ㺸ڴٴ ʿմϴ. ȥ η Ҽ ϰ ڽ ٲٰ Ǵ ȴٰ Ͻϴ."

-ȸҿ ؼ Ұ ֽʽÿ.

"Ҹ ϰ , ȼ ȸڷμ ѱȸ ڸ ġ ʾƼϴ. 翪 , ణ (?) ߽ϴ. ȸ ȿ ڸ ٸ ȸ ۿ 翪 ôϰڴٴ Ⱑ Ǿ.

׷ ̱ Ƚij ٳ ѱ ù 翪 ҿϴ. ̸ ƴ϶, ȸ ְ ѱȸ ǰ ̳ ߽ϴ.

δ

ȸҴ , , ô پѾ, ϴ ̴ ǥԴϴ. ޾ ʶ߸, ž տ ϰ ִ ⿩ϰ ͽϴ. Ҹ ̳ α ̳ ϰ, 翪ϰ ֽϴ."

- ȹ ֽø ڽϴ.

" ߿ ȸ翡 ϰ ϰ ׵ ž ϰ ְ, ָ ȸ 翪, Ͽ ̳ 翪, ׸ ƴƴ 翪 ϰ ֽϴ. , پ 翪 ȯϸ鼭 ô븦 а ߴ ˴ϴ.

ε Ƹ ̷ پ 翪 ϸ, ϴ Դϴ. ׷ 鿡 ȸ簡 ϴ. ׸ 翪 ϴ. å ִ մϴ. ׷ ȸ ƴ϶ ȸ , ٸ ϰ ͽϴ."


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η Ÿ ߴ



ȭ̺ε()

ϵ ݻ鿡 ݻ걳ȸ ִ. ݻ걳ȸ 1997 ϵ ȭڷ 136ȣ Ǿ. ǻ걹 ݻ 췯 ε ϴ.

ݻ걳ȸ 1908 4 ̱ ȸ Ʈ ѿȸ. ȸ ڷ ĥε Ѹ ڿ ڰ ϱ ڼ ڼ и ¸ ̴.

簡 κп ϸ ϴ ܻ 縦 ΰ ְ . ν ġ ȭڷ ̴.

ܺ Ǿ Ǿ ״ ǰ ִ. ʶ ȸó ÿ ֺ ū ȸٰ Ѵ. 󷮹 汸 ־ ٸ ๰ 繵 ٸ.

ڼ ѹ, ڼ ѱ۷ ѹ 𸣴 ϰ ִ Ưϴ. ǹü Ƹ ʱ ѱȸ ȭ ִ ġ ִ ǹ̴.



ϵ ݻ鿡 ִ ݻ걳ȸ, ǿ ȸ̴.

ȸ Ư žε 淯´. Ư ο ̾߱ ɱ ︰. ȸ ô 弹 ̰ ε ״ Ͱ Բ Ʈ 翡 ʸ ޾Ҵ. γ̾ ӽ() õ ̾.

ȸ ̵ η ϴ ǥ ־. η ̶ ߴ. ׷ η . ฦ ö ϴ ͸ŭ ݻ ϴ ô.

ƴ϶ η ̴. ǥ ε Ÿ ߴ. ̶ ߾ ߴ.

ϳ Ͻ ̴ϴ. δ ޵ ȸ ڽϴ.

ε ڼä ´. η ޵, Ŀ б ĿϿ. 簡 Ŀ ΰ ٽ ݻ걳ȸ ʺϿ Ӹ .

߰ ౸, ̰ ߴ ô뿡 δ ž̾ Ʋ. ĥ å дٰ ڰ ȸǿ̶ ˾Ҵ. ǿ δ. ġö ȭ̺ε()̶ Ѵ.

ȭ̺ε ̴ 븳 ʰ, ϰ ϸ ȭ ̷ ൿö Ѵ. Ҿƹ ڶ . ٸٰ ''̴ ''̴ ƴ϶ ٸ ϸ 󸶳 . ó ̷ ġ ڴ.


==========================================================
ȸ] 180 ðȸ ؿܿ 12 ȸ

2010⸸ ص ä 4← 40 ö߿ 



泲 ȫ ȸ ھ δ. 簡 28 ȸ ǿ ׵ ǥϸ ϰ ִ.

ð ȸ 4⿩ ؿܿ 12 ȸ ٰ . ðȸ 翪 Ϸ 絵 ϸ ߴ. ߴ. Ʈ տ ִ ƴ ȸ ־. 3 Ը ڰ ž 泲 ȫ ȸ( ) ̾߱.

28 ȸ 湮ߴ. £ ؾȰӵθ Ÿ ޸ٰ ȫIC Դ. 5п ޸ ָ ڰ ž . ȸ ܺ ȸ . ׷ 4 ڿ ڸ ݺ̰ ޶.

(56) ڰ ٽ ٿµ ǥ鿡 پִ ƴ١ ٽ ϱ ؾ ϴµ ִ١ Ӿϰ . ǹ ȸ ȸ ö ִ.


ȸ ؿܼ ε ۷θȸ(2012) į įȸ(2016) 12 ȸ ߴ. ȸ 繫 鿡 ̸ پ־. 󱼿 ںν ߴ.

ȸ ִ ðȸ. ʱ 180. ȸ ̱ȸó . 2010 ä 4←. ȸ ϰ 鼭 ̴. 10Ⱓ ڸ ־ ̿ ħü ӵƴ.

̷ Ȳ ñϴٰ Ǵߴ. ̸ ״ 2010 ۱ 40 ö߱⵵ . ̷ ߴ. 츮 ȸ ⵵ϴ ̳, ̴ ̳. ̷ ̾߱Ⱑ ̿ ȸڵƴ. ׷鼭 鵵 Ḷ 翡 ⵵ϱ ߴ. ׷ Ұ μ ޹ۿ ʾҴµ ȸ Ⱑ ޶. ȸDZ ߰ ݵ þ. ȸ 1⿩ ä Ҵ.

׷ . ߻ ̴. ٽ ¿ . 1 óߴ. ׷ ȸ ޶ ⵵ڡ ߴ. Ͼ. å ߻ 500m ̳ óС ٲ.

ȸ ƴ. ó ķ ߴ. ȸ 󰡴 ڡ ݵ ũ þ.

ȸ ׶ʹ. ˳ ο ߴ. 츮 ̱ȸ ޴ ȸ ƴ϶ ϴ ȸ ڡ ȸ 󿡼 ִ .

ϼ ȸ ʿϴ١ ߴ. ׸ ȸ ߴ. 2012 1, 2013 2, 2014 4, 2015 4 ȸ ߴ. 10003000 . 70 ̸ غص ʺ 2000 . ǻ 󼱾 ܺ θ ߴ. յΰ ȸ ̾Ḷ 忹踦 ȴ.


1 ؿ 7 ȸ ȹ̴. ó 30 ȸ  ϰڴٰ ߴ١ ׷ ȸ 100 ȸ ǥ ִ١ ߴ.


ȸ ȣ ̸ ȸ 4 δ

ʿ ̸

泲 ȫ ȸ( ) 12 ؿܱȸ ̴.

Ư ȸ ȣ(55) Ǵ. δ ݱ ȸ 4 . ù ° ȸ Ƴ, ° , ° , ° Ƶ ̸ ߴ. ״ ȸ dz ٲٰ ε 2 ͸ ġϴ ʿ κ å.

ϴ ״ 2500 Ű Ѷ ī ҹ ý ؾ ־.

׶ λ ߾. 쿩 Ұ. ׷ ϳԲ ߾. ǿ ū 鼭 ְڴ ϱ ϳԲ Ŵ޸ Ǵ.

Ƴ ؿܿ Ȱ ġ ̾. ڳ鿡Ե ϵ Ű ϴ ״ 뵵 󡱰 ܴ Ϸ .

δ ϴ ١ ׷ ʿ ̸ Ѵ١ ߴ. ״ ϳԲ ִ ü ߴ.

ŵ ְ ɷ ϴ , ԰ . ׻ .

ȫ ¾ ڶ û ϳ ־.


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ݴϴ

ȸ, DZȸ 13 ġ ް ȸ 'ⱳ'
ȿ



ȸ DZ 縦 ݴϴ DZȸȸ 13 ¡踦 ȴ. ϴ ȿ

[-ȿ ] 縦 ݴϴ ε ġߴ. ѿȸ յ(յ) ȸ DZ(豤 ) 2 5 ȸǸ , DZȸȸ() Ȱϴ ο 13 , , ϰ, 3 5ϱ ȸ ⱳѴٰ ǰߴ.

̳ DZ ƹ ο ؼ ǰ ̶ ߴ. װ Ǽҵ ε DZ ִٰ ϸ ⼮ 뺸 ü ʾҴ. θ ¿ 뺸 ް Ǿ, ״ 1 DZ ⼮ߴ. ٸ ε ǿ ʾҴ.

ȣ ǿ ߴ. ִٰ , ᱹ ȸ DZ θ , óߴ. ǰṮ 5 ־.

ֹ

ǰ ƹ ϰ, ϸ, óѴ. 2016 3 5ϱ ȸ ̿ ⱳ ȮѴ.

1. ȸμ ȸ ϰ ȸ ϴ ϰ ߼ ȸμ ϰ ȴ.

2. ȸ ϰ ҹ ü ȸ Ἲϰ, ҹ ü 3 Ȱϸ ϰ, Ҽ ȸ 迡 ϰ, 翡 ҹ ȸ ϰ ֵ ȸ иϴ ˷ ȴ.

3. Ҽ ȸ 迡 ϰ, Ҽ ȸ ʰ, Ҽ ȸ ȸ ҺϿ ϻ ο Ǿ ϴ ȸμ .

4. Ϲ ȸ Ӹ ' ȿ Ȯ û ' ׸ Ǻ ɰϰ ġ, ȸ ϰ, ư ɼ 濡 ݵǰ, ذ Ǵ ȴ.

5. ȸ ȸ źϰ ȸ ̷ ʵ ó û ȸ ȴ.

ѿȸ ȸ DZ DZ ġ ǰῡ ׸ ̸ ֹ ǰѴ.

ū ̾. ȣ ǰ 12 ǰ ̾ ̴. ٸ ε ο Ȱ ¡踦 ޾Ҵ. DZ ǰε ⼮ ʾ 'ȼ '̶ Ǵϰ ǰε ȣ Ƿ ߴ. Դ ƹ 뺸 . ȣ ̳ ǿ ⼮ ó ٶٴ ˷.

ǰ ҽ " ѹ ʰ  , ̶ ¡踦 ֳ" ݹߴ. "ҹ ̷ ҹ . , ǰ ҹ"̶ ߴ. DZ ǰ ޾Ƶ , å ϰڴٰ ߴ.

ȸ DZ Ҵ. DZ 豤 ̰, DZ Ļ絵 ߴ. Դٰ ڽ ȸ Ⱓ ǥϰ ٸ ġ ڽ ó ֺ ø 巯, Ȳ̴. DZ DZȸ Բ ε鿡 ⼮ 뺸 Ϸ ٳ.

ǼҴ ε ȣ 鵵 Ȳϴٴ ̾. " ǰ . DZ DZȸ ¥ ģٴ ߴµ ̷ ϰ " ߴ. ٸ " Ҽ DZȸ ȼ ȸ ٷ ̴. ٸ ٰ ϰ ȸ ̸ ޾Ƶ鿩 ġϸ ٸ ȸ  ǰڳ" ߴ.



DZ 豤 ̰, DZ 縦 Ļ縦 ִ. ֱٿ Į ǥ Ȥ Ͼ. (ĵȸ Ȩ )

ڴ DZ 豤 翡 ȭ 13 , , ״ "ǰṮ ´" ϰ ȭ . ȭ ʾҴ. 絵 ȭ ʾҴ.

DZȸ ǰῡ ü ȴ. ȸ ڴ "Ұ ǰ̾. ׵ ȸ Ǿ ȸ  . , ȼ, ǻ ׿ ִ" ߴ.

ȣ̾ ֿ θ ڿ ȭ " . ׷ ̾µ. ó ذ . ̰ܵ ٸ ״ 鼭 . ȸ ȸ ġ ̾. · ȸ ִٴ ƴѰ" ߴ. ġ ο ؼ "3 5ϱ ǰ ⱳȴ. Ÿ ٸ ȸ ̸ žӻȰϱ⸦ ٶ" ߴ.

̹ ġ ߿ 4 ԵǾ ִ. ̵ Ǹ DZȸ ȸ 縦 ϴ 2/3 Ѿ, 簡 ϴ ȸ  ְ ȴ.


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ħü ȸ, ڱ 湮 ?



10 6 ֱ 12 ȸ翡 湮ϰų ӿ ߴٴ Դ. ̴ ֱ Ⱓ 翡 Ÿ ȸ Ҽ ݵ ̴.

޷(ComRes) 2015 12 16Ϻ 17ϱ(ð) 2,038 ¶ ǽ ̹ 翡 57% ֱٿ ȸ 翡 湮 ִٰ ߴٰ ⵶ ũõ̰ ֱ ߴ. ̴ ú 9% ̴. ̵  5 1 б ȭ , Ǵ Ļ  ߴٰ ߴ.

ֱٿ ȸ 湮 ̵ ϵδ 64%, Ͻ ̺ٴ 45% Ÿ. (40%) (34%) Ҵ.

10 4 ȸ ģ ȯ ̲ȴٰ ߴ. ȶ ¼, 湮 , ȭ, ī, ٰ , ׸ Ư û鿡Դ ̰ ߿ κ̾.

ƿ﷯ 10 6 ΰ 븦 , ׸ 縦 ȣϱ ȸ , Ǵ ҿ ؾ Ѵٰ ߴ.

̹ ⵶ ųóġƮƮ(National Churches Trust) Ƿ , ü Ŭ Ŀ(Claire Walker) ǥ "ֱ Ⱓ ڽ ⵶̶ پ ,

̹ ȸ е ް ִٴ ǹѴ"鼭 " ε ȸ , ׸ 翡 ־ ߿ϴٰ . ( ) Ӹ ƴ϶ ȸ Ȱ ϴ ߿ ϰ ִ" ߴ.

"̹ , ȸ 湮ϵ ϱ  ؾ ؼ ˷ ش"鼭 "ģ ȯ Բ ȭ, ī, ٰ, Ѵٸ ̷ Ͼ ִ" ٿ.

̾ "̷ , ȸ ǹ ϱ ؼ ҿȴٴ ˷ ش. ̰ ȸ Ѿ "̶ ʿϴٰ ߴ.

4 2õ ȸ , ׸ Ұ ִ ˷.

Ŀ ǥ "ȸ ȸ åڵ ̹ , ȸ ǹ ؼ α⸦ Ѵ"鼭 "ȸ ǰ ü ߰ , ε ؼ "̶ ߴ.


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IS, ⵵ȸ 14 ҳ θ𿡰 Ѻ



IS

IS(̽) 1 30( ð) ݿ⵵ȸ Ἦߴٴ 14 ҳ θ տ ߴ.

ҳ θ ִ ø ϶(Jarablus) Ƶ 豳 Ƿ ϴ Ѻ ˷. ϶ øƿ Ű 濡 ִ ô.

IS ߾ӿ ִ ũ Ư ݿ⵵ȸ ڽŵ ̳ ϰ ȫ ˷.

IS ݴϴ Ȱ Ż(Nasser Taljbini) 1 31 ø ƶ󴺽(ARA News) ͺ信 IS (̽ ) ҳ ҿ ϵ ȴٰ ߴ. "ҳ θ ó Ѻ ߴ" ٿ.

Żϴ "IS ϰ , ڽŵ鿡 ִٴ ְ ;Ѵ"鼭 "̷ ó ؼ 鿡 ɾ ش" ߴ.


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簡 <> Ƿ...


ٸ ǹ̸ 캸 ؼ Ѵ. < ΰ?> ϱ ̸ , ̿ ൿ κ ġ ʴ´. 縦 帮 ڸ ϱ 簡 žô뿡 ̻ ʴ´ٴ Ϲ ̸ ̴.

׷ ּ ִ ڽŵ þ δ , , ڶ óϴ , ǽĿ Ϻ ϸ ǻ ̶ ̸ ʴ´.

׷ ׷ ̸ ʴ´ٰ ؼ ׷ ǽ ʴ´ٰ . δ ڽ ٰ , ǻ ڽŵ ϳ԰ ̿ <ູ >ų <> ϸ鼭 ڸ ɾִ 찡 ϴ.

ưô , Ʒ ٴ ̾Ͼ ˸ 뼭 ׸ε ҿ  ִ ο ô ˸ ǥ ¡̴.

, ڽ , ׸ Ͻ÷ ϳ 濡 ѡ ȱ Ҿ 硯 <ҿ > ܹ ̴.

žô뿡, Ư ڽŵ 巯 ؼ ŵ帧 ǿ ɰ , ٸ ƴϸ,  < ڽ> ʴ´.

׷ ұϰ ٸ , ̸ ž༺ ߷ ִ. 긮 ڴ þ <⼼ ݿ >̶ ߴ° ϸ, < ̴> ϸ鼭 ϴ ׸ε þ <>̶ ҷ.

̸ ̷ﺼ , ǹ̰ ٸ žô뵵 ̶  ߰, ó ִٴ ̴. ׷ٸ, <>μ ׸̱ 簡 ̶ ٰŰ ƴϴ. ư 簡 žô 翪ڶ, 翡 츮 μ <>̶ ҷ ϱ ̴( 塯 Ѵٴ Ʒ ).

< ̴> Ư 翪ڸ ƴ϶, <> ûϵ ׸μ ̸ <> ´ ̴. 簡 絵 ٰſ <>̶ ִ. , ̶ ܾ ž࿡ ܾ ϴ ǹ̿ ش ̰ ִٴ ̴. ̴ ž Ϻϰ ٽ ܼ ̴.

ô Ʒ ġ鼭 縦 , ⼼ ݿ ģ ƴ϶, 츮 ˸ ϱ ؼ < > ڽ ġ Ⲩ 縦 帰 ̴. <> ÿ ڽ ģ < >̴.

žô ̶ ׵ 縦 帰ٴ ƴ϶ ô ϳԲ ư ִ Ծٴ ǹ̿ Ҿ, ڽ <> 帮 Ų.

ڽ 츮 ˸ ϼ, 츮 ڽ <> 帰ٴ ó ġ ƴ϶ ڱ ڰ ¡ ǹѴ.

< ڴ ڱ⸦ ϰ, ڱ ڰ Ѵ.> ϼ̴. <ڱ⸦ ϰ ڱ ڰ > ü ǹϴ°?

ڱ⸦ Ѵ١ ھƿ ʴ´ٴ ǹϸ, ڱ ڰ ١ Žɰ ڰ ڰ Ÿ δ ƾ Ѵٴ ǹѴ. ϸ, ڸ ϳ ŷ ڷ ź ̸ ¡Ѵ.

׷ٸ, ó ڽ ġ Ҹ, žô뿡 簡 ڽŵ þ ̶ ִ ٰŴ, ٸ <> 絵 Ⲩ <ڱ⸦ ϰ ڱ ڰ >, ڽ <> 帱 ־ Ѵٴ Ѵ.

࿡ , žô <> DZ⸦ ϴ°? ƴϸ, ô뿡 鼺 ϴ ؼ Żϱ ϴ ΰ? ó ϴ ̿ ߿ ڸ Ҵٸ, ô ھȱ ó ŵ ׸ žӿ ̴.

ݸ鿡 < >μ ݿ Ѵٸ ޾ , ׸ ־ Ǹ, ű ġ Ҹ ּ žô , μ <> 帮 ؼ <Žɰ ڰ ھƾ> Ѵ.

žô <ϱ ؼ> Ƿ ġڰ ƴ϶, ȸ < ؼ> ۿ ž ϸ, տ ϴ Ƿ° 繰, ׸ ־ Ѵ.

̵ ƴ϶ Žϴ <̺ > ʴ´. ϰǴ <žô >̶ ǹ ϸ鼭 塯̶ Ժη Կ . žô <>(׸)μ ¡̸ ̸, ڷμ ݵ Ѿ ϴ <ؾ ڵ> Ѵ.

ٽ žô ̸ ӵ Ƿ° ϴ ̰ ƴ϶  , հ 䱸Ѵ. ׷. žô ޾ ÿ  ž Ѵ. ó ű 簡 žô ħ ´ < > ִٸ, ׷ ִٸ ѱȸ ο ô븦 ̴.

, <ŷ Ҹ> ϸ ư ǽĿ žô ô Ƿ ¡ó ϴ ó ѱȸ 鿡 ׷ Ƹٿ Ͼ ? ̹ Ÿ , Ͱ 鸮 ʴ ѱȸ , ׸ ׵ ϴ ͽűε鿡 ׷ ȭ ƴ .


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1868 ѱ ù ̱

ʷŸȣ ȣ ؾ 湮

Ƽ 뿪 ,


ѱ 湮 ù ̱ , ΰ ߱ չݵ Ǫ ȸ ڸƮ(Hunter Corbett ά徳, 1835~1920) Ķ Ƽ(Calvin Wilson Mateer , 1836~1908) .

Ƽ 1868 ѱ Ȳص ȵ ؾ 湮, ѱ 湮 ù ̱ 簡 Ǿ. 湮 ʷŸȣ (1866) Ź̾(1871) ѹ (1882), ̱ (1884~1885) ̾ ǵ ߰ ߴ. ʷŸȣ ǰ ̱ ȸ ѱ ϰ ش.



չݵ Ǫ ȸ ںƮ Ķ Ƽ .
ʷŸȣ

150 γ(1866), ū ̾ Ͼ. ū ̾缱 ؾȿ ߴ. ũ ߱ 鵵 뷫 ϻҴ. ƴģ ιط ź 9 óǾ.

8() 丣Ʈ(Ernest J. Oppert) ź ̱ ''ȣ Ⱥϵ ö α ؾȿ ķ, Ǻ, ǰ, ޹޾Ҵ. ֿ ȣ۹޾Ұ, ɾ ư. [W. E. Griffis, Corea, The Hermit Nation (1882), 391.]

׷ 8 ߹ ̱ ʷŸȣ 뵿 Ž ö ͼ и θ, 籺 ȭ 踦 ħ״. 丶(Robert J. Thomas, 1839~1866)  Ÿ(߯)ߴ. 10 ιظ Ƿ (Pierre-Gustave Roze, 1812~1882) ȭ ȭ ħϿ. 11 12 ʱ ȭ ϰ Ż ߴ. ξ俴.

ʷŸȣ 캸. 8 ߹ ̱ ʷŸȣ ö Ҿ 뵿 Ž ö ѱ Żϰ ֹ 7 ϰ 5 ߻ . 簨 ڱԼ(Ш) Ʒ Ѱ Ȱ ¼.

ħ 9 3 αٿ 迡 ¤ ٿ ȭ ¿. ؾȺ 뵿 ѹ ϸ ߴ 丶 ̱ (Preston) پ ڴ ä ֹε鿡 ŸǾ. ( 9 丶 '' 150ֳ ȴ.)

ȣ ķ ޾, ʷŸȣ ϰ ö Ѱ ó ȣ Բ Ͽ ħ״. ó ι ħ Դ ˾, ߿ ߱ ߱ νĵDZ⵵ ߴ.

ؾ Ž ϴ 10 Ǫ(罘, Ÿ) ƿ , ʷŸȣ 翡 ħϰ ܱ鿡 ˷ȴ. ʷŸȣ ȭ Ǿ ޵ȸ(Meadow & Co.) ̱ ߴ. ̿ Ǫ ̱ (E. Sandford) ϰ濡 ִ ̱ (Anson Burlingame) ߰, (William H. Seward) ߴ.

̾ ξ䰡 ߻ߴ. õֱε źε ιظ ܱ ȣ Դ밡 Ѱ 10 26 ȭ öͼ 䱸ߴ.

40ϰ ħ Ⱓ ȭ Ż߰, ټ , ģ ؾ ⸦ ȭߴ. 븦 ̾缱(, ̳ ) 쿡 ְ ֹΰ , ߴ.



̱ ͽƮȣ(Wachusett), 1862 , 1,062, 61.37 ( ó Ƹ޸ĭú)

̱ ͽƮȣ İ, ڸƮ

1866 ߱ ʷŸȣ ڰ ִٴ ҹ Ҵ. 1867 1 ̱ ʷŸȣ ͽƮȣ(USS Wachusett) İߴ. Ʈ(Robert W. Shufeldt) ο ̱ ʷŸȣ ı ó 䱸϶ ް ⵿ߴ. Կ 130 ر غ밡 Ÿ ־.

Ʈ ġǪ 뿪ڷ ȸ ڸƮ(Hunter Corbett) 簡 ߴ. ʷŸȣ ȳߴ ߱ ( ȳ) ȭ() ߴ. ڸƮ 1 Ƽ Բ ߱ տ ļ۵Ǿ ߱ ѹ ־.

׺(John L. Nevius) Ҿ ʸ Ҵ. ڸƮ 뿪ڷ ߴ. ͽƮȣ 23 ɵ ߴµ 뵿 Ա ߴ. Ȳص õϸ鼭, 6 ֹΰ Ÿȣ ̾߱⸸ .

9 29 ְ ſ ʷŸȣ ħ ϰ ͽƮȣ ѱ ؾ 䱸ߴ. Ʈ ʷŸȣ å ó 䱸ߴ. ó ̱ ؼ óϰڴٰ ߴ.

׸ 뵿 Ա ư. δ ̻ ʾҴ. Ʈ ڸƮ غ ѱε ϸ ʷŸȣ ߱ νĵǾ ѱ ֹε ݿ صǾٴ ˰ Ǿ. Ʈ ϰ öߴ.

ó ͽƮȣ ӹ ̶ 뿪 ڸƮ ѱΰ . ϰų . ׸ ù ѱ 湮 ̱ ⿡ ִ.

¡ ̱ (S. W. Williams) ʷŸȣ ħ ֹο 쿡 . 1867 ʷŸȣ ̸ ߴ ȭµ . ״ 뵿 ü ִ Ҵٰ ߴ. ۵ ڵ װ ֹΰ ο ̳ ƴϾٰ ߴ.

ȣ ؾ Ž Ƽ

̱ ̾ 1868 4 ȣ(USS Shenandoah) ļߴ. 4 8 ġǪ Ͽ 4 ߼ ɵ αٿ ߴ. (Captain John C. Febiger) ̾, 뿪 Ƽ ο ӵǾ ¼ߴ. Ǫ ̱ ߱ ȳε ߴ. ¼ ο 230̾.



̱ ȣ(Shenandoah), 1863 , 1,018, 69, ¹ 175. ʷŸȣ ̿ , 밡 3 ⼱̾. ( ó Űǵ)

4 10 ɵ ȿ ߴ. 16 ( 3 24) Ȳص (֧) () տ ߴ. Ƽ ֹε ȭ õߴ. Ӻ ʴ ׿ ־. ΰ . Ӻ ̵ ο ߰, ڱԼ £ ߴ.

() Ӻ(ܼ) ⸦, "ŵ ̸, Ϸ Դ°?" ϴ, ׵ ̱⸦, " ̱ ()ε ۳⿡ ̱ 谡 ⿡ Ƿ 츮 ŽϷ Դ." Ͽϴ.

Ӻ, "ŽѴٴ 𸣰ڴ" ϴ, ̱ ϱ⸦, "츮 ãƺ Ѵ" Ͽϴ. ̱ () ̸ µ Ӻ ǽɽ ʾҽϴ.

̱ ⸦, " ̸ ΰ? ΰ?" Ͽ ǽɽ ʾҽϴ. ̱ ⸦, " ̸ ̸, ̸ ΰ?" ϴ, Ӻ ϱ⸦, " ٷ ̰, Ѵ." Ͽϴ. ̱ ⸦, "⼭ 󸶳 ָ, ִ°?  ڴ°? ׿ ô" ϴ, Ӻ ϱ⸦, "ٸ ̰ ٸ ŭ " Ͽϴ.

̱ ⸦, "̰ ͼ ̾߱ ֱ ٶ. ŵ ۹ ִ°? ̾߱⸦ ְڴ°? dzӵ ϴµ, ° ׸ λϰ 鼭 ʴ°? ۿ ݹ(̫ڪ) ִ. ̱ 繰 ġ ϴ, ڼ ִ" Ͽ, Ӻ ʾҽϴ.

׵  () ־µ ̱(鼐) ϸ鼭, "̱ ߱ ϰ ִµ ϰ ֽϴ. ŵ鿡 ް ֽϱ? 츮 մϴ. 츮 ٽ ̸ ߰ ް غ α ٶϴ.

ְ ſԼ ڽϴ" ϰ, å Ҹſ 𷡹翡 ־ϴ. ʰ Ÿ ū ϴ. <(ةʦ)> ϰ ٸ <ž()>Դϴ. å ӿ Ǫ ־ ε ؼ ÷ ½ϴ.

(<Ƿ> 5, 5 3 26)

ϴ ̱ () ٷ Ķ Ƽ(Calvin W. Mateer) . ״ ѹ ʴ ʷŸȣ 丶 翡 ˾Ƴ ʾҴ. Բ ߱ ̱ ѹ <> <ž> ѱο ַ ߴ. ̱(鼐) ߱ űδ ó 1868 Ȳص ͼ ι Ǿ Ѵ.



Ƽ ⿡ 1868 ѱ 湮 . [Daniel W. Fisher, Calvin Wilson Mateer: Forty-Five Years a Missionary in Shantung, China(Philadelphia, PA: Westminster Press, 1911), P. 297]

4 20 ȵ ؾ ö󰬴. Ƽ غ Ͽ ѱε ȭ õߴ. ׷ ʷŸȣ ʾҴ. ̶ 1867 ͽƮȣ 湮 Ʈ ޵Ǿ. Ƽ տ ĥ ۼߴ.

ѱ 湮 Ƽ ϱ⸦ ־. 4 30 ϱ⿡ 뵿 Ա ϰ, ֺ  湮ߴٰ Ѵ. Ƽ ö. ׵ װ ڰ ִ ߰, װ ⵶ ִٴ Ŵ .

ʷŸȣ ž ڰ Ȯϰ, 뵿 ϱ Ϻθ 5 Ǫ ư.

ȯ ϴ 丶 Ƽ

ع Ŀ ȯ 1947 丶ȸ ϰ ɵ ǽ, 1956 90ֱ 1966 100ֱ ֵߴ. 1956 90ֱ Ƽ å (Seoul: Thomas Memorial Mission, 1956) ߰ϰ, Ƽ ѱ 湮 Ұߴ. Ư 뵿 Ա Ƽ ڰ 丶 ̶ ϰ, åڸ ߰ߴ.

׷ ׷ Ŵ . ȯ Ƽ 󿡼 4 19ϰ 26, 5 3 Ͽ踦 帰 ġ ѱΰ ߸ ϱ⵵ ߴ. 鿡 ¼ ΰ ¹ 迴. ȯ 1961 11 1 ոƽþȸ ѱ ӿ åڸ Ͽ ȣ ǰ Ƽ ѱ 湮 Ұߴ.

ȯ(1903~1962) 1923 < ⵶ м (կ)> Ͽ 丶 Ұ 1926 丶ȸ ϰ, 1966 丶 100ֳ 40 Ⱓ 丶 ȭ ϰ 庻̾. װ ׷ ȭ ̾ ϳ װ ģĿ ̾.

 ߳

ѿ 1868 ȣ ̱ ħڵ ħ . " αٿ Դ븦 ̹о 츮 ι ̸ װ ߽Ų ϸ ȭ θ Ű ־" Ѵ. Ư 4 7 ħ 뵿 ϱκ Ž ö Ͽ ¸ ŵΰ 𰢽״ ϰ ִ.

ʷŸȣ ȣ 1860 Ĺ, ѱ ȣ ϰ Ϸ ̱ ش. 迡 뿪ڷ (丶, Ƽ) ٽ ϰ . 丶 ޸ ڸƮ ¿ ߴ. ״ , Ĵ ұ ϰ ѱ ̳ ʴ̶ 뿪 ӹ ġߴ.

ʷŸȣ ޸ ȣ  ʰ ϿǷ 浹 ȣ ǻ縸 ȯϰ ư. ̱ ȸ Ķ Ƽ Ȳص ȵ غ 湮ϰ, ѱΰ ȭϸ ߴ. 츮 Ƽ ѱ 湮 ù ̱ ص ̴.




ν ĶϾָб(UCLA) ƽþƾȭа ӵӹ α(ѱ⵶)̴. б а а ȸдб дп п ̱ Ͻб ϴб ⵶ 縦 ߴ. 2002 UCLA ѱٴ ѱ縦 ġ ִ. δ , <ѹݵ > ִ.

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